Answer to Pop BirdQuiz #25: New Jersey, October

 

This BirdQuiz demonstrates the challenges of fall birding. First of all, novice birders tend to have a fear of the ‘confusing fall warblers’.  In addition, too often we get a partial or obstructed view of a bird, leaving us with the challenge of solving a mystery when we have only a few clues. Partial views of fall warblers can indeed be tough. Well, as we shall soon see, this bird is a good example showing that not all fall warblers are confusing, even if we have partial views.

OK, so what do we have to go on here? We are missing the head, which is where most birders start (does it have a hood or cap? an eye ring? any strong facial pattern?), but let’s not be deterred by that minor point and focus on what we DO have.  To start, we can see a bright yellow body (neck, chest, and belly) with what appears to be residual black streaks on the sides, white undertail coverts, and a tail that is strongly patterned, with black near the distal half and white closer to the body.  Well, it turns out that tail pattern by itself is enough to identify our bird; the only warbler species with a tail having that pattern is Magnolia Warbler. Magnolias also have bright yellow bodies and black streaking on their sides.

 

Here’s a full view of that same bird, showing the head pattern and the two bright wing bars.


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When we get the full view of this bird, we can add on a few more field marks: a bright white eye ring, gray head, and two strong white wing bars. So for me, this species is one of the easiest warblers to identify in fall, with good marks to look for from almost any angle, but surprisingly, the BEST angle to identify them is from below, where we can see the bicolored tail. So look for that mark the next time you are out fall warblering; it’s the first step to using tail colors to help identify warblers.

Here’s a Magnolia Warbler in its spring finery. Note the strong black streaks on its sides, and the bicolored tail.

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